编者按：2026年1月，美国西北大学医学院Ankit Bharat团队在《Med》杂志报道了一例颠覆性的临床案例——一名33岁患者在双肺全切后，依靠一套自主研发的“全人工肺”（Total Artificial Lung, TAL）系统存活48小时，并成功接受双肺移植，术后近三年生活质量正常。本文基于原始文献及《Nature》新闻深度解读，梳理其技术细节、生理学原理及临床意义，供同行参考。

Background Venturi masks are commonly used in the hospital setting to deliver controlled percentages of oxygen. This is important for those at risk of hypercapnic respiratory failure and to accurately ...

Ethics and dissemination Ethics approval is not required. Investigators will deidentify individual participant data before it is shared. The results will be submitted to a peer-review journal.

2 School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia 3 NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, ...